Advanced Physiotherapy Practice (APP) refers to a higher level of physiotherapy practice, with specific competencies, responsibilities, functions, activities and standards. In some cases, Advanced Physiotherapy Practitionners (APPs) are also referred to as Extended Scope Practitioners (ESPs).

Osteopathic medicine is a system of healthcare that emphasizes a "whole person" approach, treating the entire person rather than just symptoms, and uses osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) alongside conventional medical practices. Osteopathy is a holistic, manual healthcare approach that focuses on the interconnectedness of the body's systems to promote overall health and well-being, using hands-on techniques to diagnose and treat musculoskeletal issues and other conditions.

Chiropractic is a healthcare profession that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of problems related to the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine. Chiropractors use manual techniques, including spinal manipulation, to correct misalignments and improve joint function, aiming to enhance the body's natural healing process. They may also use other treatments like soft tissue therapy, exercise recommendations, and lifestyle advice.